本文目录一览

1,英文文献怎么加入文献综述

只要把文献名、作者名、国籍、文献出版日期等都写在论文最后就行了,具体格式按照学校规定来弄就可以。但是这个部分要与论文分开,在最后单独列一页。

英文文献怎么加入文献综述

2,怎样写好英文文献综述

首先把你要写的领域的外文核心期刊文献都找出来,然后按照不同的课题组的研究内容及进展归类出来,文献归类看摘要就可以了,文献评论看总结就可以了。你也可以多参考下其他人外文综述的写法。其实就是文献调研和文献整理了,把一个小领域内的文献按内容或者其他结构整理下。工作量比较大,祝你好运了。

怎样写好英文文献综述

3,国外文献综述 用英语怎么说

国外文献综述A Review of Foreign Literature
domestic literature review国内文献综述。

国外文献综述 用英语怎么说

4,英语专业的毕业论文的文献综述应该怎么写

  文献综述是对某一方面的专题搜集大量情报资料后经综合分析而写成的一种学术论文,它是科学文献的一种。  格式与写法  文献综述的格式与一般研究性论文的格式有所不同。这是因为研究性的论文注重研究的方法和结果,特别是阳性结果,而文献综述要求向读者介绍与主题有关的详细资料、动态、进展、展望以及对以上方面的评述。因此文献综述的格式相对多样,但总的来说,一般都包含以下四部分:即前言、主题、总结和参考文献。撰写文献综述时可按这四部分拟写提纲,在根据提纲进行撰写工。  前言部分,主要是说明写作的目的,介绍有关的概念及定义以及综述的范围,扼要说明有关主题的现状或争论焦点,使读者对全文要叙述的问题有一个初步的轮廓。  主题部分,是综述的主体,其写法多样,没有固定的格式。可按年代顺序综述,也可按不同的问题进行综述,还可按不同的观点进行比较综述,不管用那一种格式综述,都要将所搜集到的文献资料归纳、整理及分析比较,阐明有关主题的历史背景、现状和发展方向,以及对这些问题的评述,主题部分应特别注意代表性强、具有科学性和创造性的文献引用和评述。  总结部分,与研究性论文的小结有些类似,将全文主题进行扼要总结,对所综述的主题有研究的作者,最好能提出自己的见解。参考文献虽然放在文末,但却是文献综述的重要组成部分。因为它不仅表示对被引用文献作者的尊重及引用文献的依据,而且为读者深入探讨有关问题提供了文献查找线索。因此,应认真对待。参考文献的编排应条目清楚,查找方便,内容准确无误。关于参考文献的使用方法,录著项目及格式与研究论文相同,不再重复。

5,请教一下 英文文献综述的引用格式怎么写

你好,我在百度文库中给你找了一个完整的英文文献综述格式,你可以参考一下。地址:http://wenku.baidu.com/view/c76afd297375a417866f8f65.html希望对你有帮助。
需要用英文的吗?中文的不行吗 席晓 浅谈中西方婚礼文化异同 读与写韩芳 中西传统婚俗之比较 中国校外教育潘文晋 从中西婚礼文化看中西方文化差异 今日南国

6,英文文献综述标准范文

  下面是我为大家整理的一些关于“英文文献综述标准 范文 ”的资料,供大家参阅。   英文文献综述范文   How to Write a Literature Review ?   I. The definition of Literature Review   文献综述(Literautre Review)是科研 论文 中重要的文体之一。它以作者对各种文献资料的整理、归纳、分析和比较为基础,就某个专题的 历史 背景、前人的工作、研究现状、争论的焦点及发展前景等方面进行综合、总结和评论。通过阅读文献综述,科研工作者可花费较少的时间获得较多的关于某一专题系统而具体的信息,了解其研究现状、存在的问题和未来的发展方向。   II. The purposes of literature review And Its Components   A. The Purposes   On the one hand, it helps you broaden the view and perspective of the topic for your graduation thesis.   On the other hand, it helps you narrow down the topic and arrive at a focused   research question.   B. Its Components   There are six parts in a complete Literature Review.   标题与作者(title and author)   摘要与关键词(abstract and key words)   引言(introduction)   述评(review)   结论(conclusion)   参考文献(references)   III. Classification of Source Materials   How can we locate the materials relevant to our topics better and faster? Basically, all these source materials may be classified into four majors of sources.   A: Background sources:   Basic information which can usually be found in dictionaries and   encyclopedia complied by major scholars or founders of the field. Three very good and commonly recommenced encyclopedias are encyclopedias ABC, namely, Encyclopedia Americana, Encyclopedia Britannica, and Colliers Encyclopedia. There are also reference works more specialized, such as The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics for linguistics and TEFL studies. Moreover, you may also find Encyclopedia on the web.   B: Primary sources   Those providing direct evidence, such as works of scholars of the field,   biographies or autobiographies, memoirs, speeches, lectures, diaries, collection of letters, interviews, case studies, approaches, etc. Primary sources come in various shapes and sizes, and often you have to do a little bit of research about the source to make sure you have correctly identified it. When a first search yields too few results, try searching by broader topic; when a search yields too   many results, refine your search by narrowing down your search.   C: Secondary sources   Those providing indirect evidence, such as research articles or papers, book   reviews, assays, journal articles by experts in a given field, studies on authors or   writers and their works, etc. Secondary sources will inform most of your writing   in college. You will often be asked to research your topic using primary sources,   but secondary sources will tell you which primary sources you should use and   will help you interpret those primary sources. To use theme well, however, you   need to think critically them. There are two parts of a source that you need to   analyze: the text itself and the argument within the text.   D: Web sources   The sources or information from websites. Web serves as an excellent   resource for your materials. However, you need to select and evaluate Web   sources with special care for very often Web sources lack quality control. You   may start with search engines, such as Google, Yahoo, Ask, Excite, etc. Its a   good idea to try more than one search engine, since each locates sources in its   own way. When using websites for information, be sure to take care for the   authorship and sponsorship. If they are both unclear, be critical when you use   information. The currency of website information should also be taken into   account. Dont use too out information dated for your purpose.   IV. Major strategies of Selecting Materials for literature review   A. Choosing primary sources rather than secondary sources   If you have two sources, one of them summarizing or explaining a work and   the other the work itself, choose the work itself. Never attempt to write a paper   on a topic without reading the original source.   B. Choosing sources that give a variety of viewpoints on your thesis   Remember that good argument essays take into account counter arguments.   Do not reject a source because it makes an argument against you thesis.   C. Choosing sources that cover the topic in depth   Probably most books on Communicative Language Teaching mention William   Littlewood, but if this your topic, you will find that few sources cover the topic   in depth. Choose those.   D. Choosing sources written by acknowledged experts   If you have a choice between an article written by a freelance journalist on   Task-based Teaching and one written by a recognized expert like David Nunan,   Choose the article by the expert.   E. Choosing the most current sources   If your topic involves a current issue or social problem or development in a   scientific field, it is essential to find the latest possible information. If all the   books on these topics are rather old, you probably need to look for information in   periodicals.   V. Writing a literature Review   A. When you review related literature, the major review focuses should be:   1. The prevailing and current theories which underlie the research problem.   2. The main controversies about the issue, and about the problem.   3. The major findings in the area, by whom and when.   4. The studies which can be considered the better ones, and why.   5. Description of the types of research studies which can provide the basis for the current theories and controversies.   6. Criticism of the work in the area.   B. When you write literature review, the two principles to follow are:   1. Review the sources that are most relevant to your to your thesis.   2. Describe or write your review as clear and objective as you can.   C. Some tips for writing the review:   1. Define key terms or concepts clearly and relevant to your topic.   2. Discuss the least-related references to your question first and the most   related references last.   3. Conclude your review with a brief summary.   4. Start writing your review early.   VI. 文献综述主要部分的细节性提示和 注意事项   主要部分细节提示:   引言(Introduction)   引言是文献综述正文的开始部分,主要包括两个内容:一是提出问题;二是介绍综述的范围   和内容。提出问题时,作者要给出定义性解释、交代研究背景、简单介绍不同文献的看法和   分歧所在并介绍该文献的写作目的;介绍该综述的范围和主要内容时,作者应使用简明扼要   的语句加以概括。   引言的内容和结构具有以下特点:   (1)综述的引言通常包括定义性解释、研究背景、现存问题或分歧、综述的目的、内容和   范围;   (2)使用一般现在时介绍背景知识,使用现在完成时叙述他人成果,使用一般将来时或一   般现在时简介本文内容;   (3) 句子 结构力求简洁明了,多用简单句,并列成份较为常见;   (4)以第三人称主语为主,间或使用第一人称复数充当主语。   述评(Review)   述评是文献综述的核心所在,是对引言的展开和深入。根据引言所提出的问题和限定的范围,   作者要对大量有关文献进行系统的整理、归纳、对比和分析,在此基础上列出与主题有关的   所有重要学术观点,然后分别加以论述,以便读者获得全面的了解。回顾前人研究,以时间   为序,由远及近。以有叙有议的方式体现述评的功能,叙前人研究,议其结果、探其原因、   究其不足。   分析评论,特别是表达作者自己的观点时,要客观、谨慎,因此多使用模糊性语言和表推测   的语言形式。   综述的结论(Conclusion)   结论不仅是作者对全文的总结,也是作者发表个人 意见 的部分,一般有标题Conclusion 或   Summary,较短的综述如果没有小标题,则往往有As mentioned above,To sum up,To   conclude,Inshort,In all 等 短语 引出结论。结论的内容包括:对述评的归纳、对各种问   题的评论性意见、对未来研究的建议或展望。   二.注意事项   ⒈搜集文献应尽量全面。掌握全面、大量的文献资料是写好综述的前提,否则,随便搜集一 点资料就动手撰写是不可能写出好的文献综述,甚至写出的文章根本不成为综述。   ⒉注意引用文献的代表性、可靠性和科学性。在搜集到的文献中可能出现观点雷同,有的 文献在可靠性及科学性方面存在着差异,因此在引用文献时应注意选用代表性、可靠性和 科学性较好的文献。   ⒊引用文献要忠实文献内容。由于文献综述有作者自己的评论分析,因此在撰写时应分清 作者的观点和文献的内容,不能篡改文献的内容。   ⒋参考文献不能省略。有的科研论文可以将参考文献省略,但文献综述绝对不能省略,而 且应是文中引用过的,能反映主题全貌的并且是作者直接阅读过的文献资料。   5.文献综述不应是对已有文献的重复、罗列和一般性介绍,而应是对以往研究的优点、不足和贡献的批判性分析与评论。因此,文献综述应包括综合提炼和分析评论双重含义。   6.文献综述要文字简洁,尽量避免大量引用原文,要用自己的语言把作者的观点说清楚,从原始文献中得出一般性结论。   7. 文献综述不是资料库,要紧紧围绕课题研究的“问题”,确保所述的已有研究成果与本课题研究直接相关,其内容是围绕课题紧密组织在一起,既能系统全面地反映研究对象的历史、现状和趋势,又能反映研究内容的各个方面。   8. 文献综述的综述要全面、准确、客观,用于评论的观点、论据最好来自一次文献,尽量避免使用别人对原始文献的解释或综述。   VII. A Sample of Literature Review   A Study of Chinese Vogue Expressions and Translations   Although we can see the obtained achievements in researching on Chinese vogue expressions, papers on the translation of contemporary Chinese vogue expressions are scarce and rare, not to mention the discussion of translation methods and untranslatability of Chinese vogue expressions, which is a great regret in the field of vogue expressions. Few representative papers on Chinese vogue expressions translation are listed as follows: A Study of Shooting Star Language Translation(Wang Jian, Zhou Yongping, 2005:92~94); Cultural Reflection on Vogue Word s Translation (Su Yu, Wang Ting, 2011:50 ~ 51); The optimization of “Zero Translation” in Translating Vogue Words (Shi Rui, 2010:102~105).   Hence, the numbers of researches on contemporary Chinese vogue expressions translation are expected to be increased and the comprehensive and detailed researches on this field are also expected to appear. Since 1990s, scholars have already paid attention to Chinese vogue expressions, but the research at that time is still in the stage of tentative exploration. Some representative papers are: City Buzzwords and Social-Cultural Analysis (Sun Manjun,1996:101~107) discusses the development and changes of buzzwords in the current society facing transformation as well as the relation between buzzwords and background of social culture and psychological changes of urban people; Metaphorically Semantic Generalization of Vogue Expressions (Liu Dawei,1997:35 ~ 38) talks about the semantic generalization of metaphors of vogue expressions; Study on Creativity and Homoplasy of Language from Vogue Expressions (Xia Lihong, 1999:16~18) treats the development process of vogue expressions from the characteristics of creativity   and homoplasy, believing that vogue expressions are originally the “creativity” used in a certain range, and finally surpass the original range of use because of the interaction among people and the homoplasy of aesthetic interests. Due to the characteristics of timeliness, periodicity and randomness, some vogue expressions can not be included in common dictionaries, therefore, language scholars carried out the work of compiling vogue expressions dictionaries, such as Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese Vogue Expressions (Xiong Zhongwu, 1992), andBeijing Modern Buzzwords (Zhou Yimin, 1992).   After entering 21st century, increasingly great number of Chinese vogue expressions emerges and penetrates into different aspects of social life; accordingly, related researches on Chinese vogue expressions become comparatively richer. Researching on Chinese vogue expressions has already become the hot topic of linguistic and cultural circles. The Linguistic will contribute to the filed of Chinese vogue expressions and make references forothers who are interested in contemporary Chinese vogue expressions and their Translations.   References   [1] Blackmore S. The Meme Machine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999   [2] Collins COBUILD English-Chinese Learners Dictionary. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,2007. 226   [3] Einar, H. The Analysis of linguistic Borrowing. Language, 1950 (26):210~231   [4] Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2004.283   [5] Merriam-Websters Advanced Learners English Dictionary. Beijing:   Merriam-Webster, 2009. 223   [6] New York Times, Jul. 4, 2010   [7] Nord, Christiane. Translating as a Purposeful Activity: Functional Approach Explained. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001   [8] Oxford Advanced Learners English-Chinese Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. 268   [9] Romaine, Suzanne. Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994   [10]陈原. 社会语言学. 北京:商务印书馆,2000   [11]陈原. 新词语. 北京: 语文 出版社,2000:1   [12]丁加勇. 论流行语语义的不确定性及其发展前景. 华中 科技 大学学报,   2004,(6):160~164   [13]郭 熙,中国社会语言学. 南京:南京大学出版社, 1999.151   [14]韩李. 当代汉语流行语探析. 河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2007,   (3):181   [15]黄平飞. 浅论流行语——透过央视春晚来看流行语.科教文汇(下旬刊),   2009,(3):237   [16]姜红. 试论 当代中国 的社会流行语. 安徽农业大学学报(社会科学版),   2005,(11):108~112   [17]劲松.流行语新探.语文建设,1999,(3):22~26   [18]李娜. 近十年流行语研究述评. 鞍山师范学院学报,2007-06,9(3):35~[39]赵丽薇,袁   晓雪. 流行语的运用方式及使用规范探究——以春晚语言类节目   为例. 调查与研究,2010,(8): 15~16   References   李丽君. 英语 学术论文 及 留学 文书写作[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2002. 田贵森, 段晓英.英语专业 毕业 论文写作 教程[M]. 北京: 北京理工大学出版社.   2006.   刘振聪. 英语学术论文写作[M]. 北京: 中国人民大学出版社. 2009

7,英语毕业论文文献综述怎么写

分三个板块。首先介绍本领域的研究涉及到哪些方面(可分类)。然后对每一类国内外学者的相关研究进行分别论述。最后对国内外学者研究的总体状况、研究的可取之处、借鉴及不足进行总结。
文献综述就是根据你查阅的资料,写出你课题的研究现状,发展趋势和你研究的目的和意义,就是一个总结性的东西,你可以到维普、万方、cnki等数据库上下载相关的论文,上面开篇就是文献综述,你可以参考它们的写法

8,英语专业毕业论文的文献综述怎么写

英语毕业论文的文献看你写什么方向,都是根据题目写文献综述。开始我也不懂,还是师姐给的莫文网,高手就是效率高啊创新艺体生大学英语教学理念研究——基于多元互动智能理论对美英报刊教材编纂的几点思考ESP理论视阈下的大学英语翻译教学新韩剧、新受众、新传播:解读新“韩流”跨文化背景下央视英语新闻节目发展定位分析汉民族植物意象道德内涵的跨文化阐释新时期莫斯科外语教育特色研究跨文化视角下重构英语本土化身份多维-互动理论模式指导下的大学英语听力教学探析英语专业内容依托课程体系改革的影响及其启示功能对等视角下的公示语翻译多元文化背景下大学英语教学培养学生跨文化交际能力的策略探析文化语境对商务英语概念隐喻翻译的制约跨文化意识与英语教师教育摭论英语翻译实践中的文化欠缺和文化建构跨文化传播力概念的新审视生态视域下民族地区教师专业发展松散的连结:物的社会生命史不同民族语言所蕴涵文化意象对比——以词汇语义为例从文化生态视角反思高职学生的“中国文化失语”现象高校大学英语文化教学实践的问题与对策大学英语口语课堂上的情感集中型活动探究谈高等教育国际化给高职英语教学带来的机遇与挑战认知框架制约下的高等学校英语应用能力考试研究论日语专业学生非语言交际能力的培养从英语原声电影观赏看英语教学
文献综述是对某一方面的专题搜集大量情报资料后经综合分析而写成的一种学术论文, 它是科学文献的一种。  格式与写法  文献综述的格式与一般研究性论文的格式有所不同。这是因为研究性的论文注重研究的方法和结果,特别是阳性结果,而文献综述要求向读者介绍与主题有关的详细资料、动态、进展、展望以及对以上方面的评述。因此文献综述的格式相对多样,但总的来说,一般都包含以下四部分:即前言、主题、总结和参考文献。撰写文献综述时可按这四部分拟写提纲,在根据提纲进行撰写工。  前言部分,主要是说明写作的目的,介绍有关的概念及定义以及综述的范围,扼要说明有关主题的现状或争论焦点,使读者对全文要叙述的问题有一个初步的轮廓。  主题部分,是综述的主体,其写法多样,没有固定的格式。可按年代顺序综述,也可按不同的问题进行综述,还可按不同的观点进行比较综述,不管用那一种格式综述,都要将所搜集到的文献资料归纳、整理及分析比较,阐明有关主题的历史背景、现状和发展方向,以及对这些问题的评述,主题部分应特别注意代表性强、具有科学性和创造性的文献引用和评述。  总结部分,与研究性论文的小结有些类似,将全文主题进行扼要总结,对所综述的主题有研究的作者,最好能提出自己的见解。 参考文献虽然放在文末,但却是文献综述的重要组成部分。因为它不仅表示对被引用文献作者的尊重及引用文献的依据,而且为读者深入探讨有关问题提供了文献查找线索。因此,应认真对待。参考文献的编排应条目清楚,查找方便,内容准确无误。关于参考文献的使用方法,录著项目及格式与研究论文相同,不再重复。

9,论文综述 英语怎么说啊

summary of dissertation
<p>我们经常写</p> <p>根据我搜集的一些网站来看,建议看看这个,要做毕业论文以及毕业设计的,推荐一个网站 <a href="http://wenwen.soso.com/z/urlalertpage.e?sp=shttp%3a%2f%2fwww.lw54.com" target="_blank">http://www.lw54.com</a> ,里面的毕业设计什么的全是优秀的,因为精挑细选的,网上很少有,都是相当不错的毕业论文和毕业设计,对毕业论文的写作有很大的参考价值,希望对你有所帮助。</p> <p><br>别的相关范文很多的,推荐一些比较好的范文写作网站,希望对你有帮助,这些精选的范文网站,里面有大量的范文,也有各种文章写作方法,注意事项,应该有适合你的,自己动手找一下,可不要照搬啊,参考一下,用自己的语言写出来那才是自己的。 </p> <p>如果你不是校园网的话,请在下面的网站找:<br>毕业论文网: <a href="http://wenwen.soso.com/z/urlalertpage.e?sp=shttp%3a%2f%2fwww.wsdxs.cn" target="_blank">http://www.wsdxs.cn</a> <a href="http://wenwen.soso.com/z/urlalertpage.e?sp=swww.lw54.com" target="_blank">www.lw54.com</a> 分类很细 栏目很多<br>毕业论文: <a href="http://wenwen.soso.com/z/urlalertpage.e?sp=shttp%3a%2f%2fwww.lw54.com" target="_blank">http://www.lw54.com</a><br>毕业设计: <a href="http://wenwen.soso.com/z/urlalertpage.e?sp=shttp%3a%2f%2fwww.wsdxs.cn%2fhtml%2fsf%2flw%2f2009%2f0928%2f146347.html" target="_blank">http://www.wsdxs.cn/html/sf/lw/2009/0928/146347.html</a><br>开题报告: <a href="http://wenwen.soso.com/z/urlalertpage.e?sp=shttp%3a%2f%2fwww.wsdxs.cn%2fhtml%2flunwenzhidao%2fkaitibaogao" target="_blank">http://www.wsdxs.cn/html/lunwenzhidao/kaitibaogao</a><br>实习论文: <a href="http://wenwen.soso.com/z/urlalertpage.e?sp=shttp%3a%2f%2fwww.wsdxs.cn%2fhtml%2fshixi" target="_blank">http://www.wsdxs.cn/html/shixi</a><br>写作指导: <a href="http://wenwen.soso.com/z/urlalertpage.e?sp=shttp%3a%2f%2fwww.wsdxs.cn%2fhtml%2flunwenzhidao" target="_blank">http://www.wsdxs.cn/html/lunwenzhidao</a></p>

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